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License Terms
=============

Ham Radio licenses are good for ten (10) years, and they may be renewed ninety (90) days prior to expiration...NO SOONER. However, if you have a
change of address due to a move, you may MODIFY your license in that
regard AT ANY TIME. If the FCC is unable to deliver mail to you, your
ham radio license, and operating privileges can be suspended and/or
revoked until your address is corrected. Operation without a license
can result in a stiff monetary forfeiture (a fine) and imprisonment,
plus confiscation of your ham radio equipment...fines range from $7500
to $10,000, if not more. There is NO CHARGE for changing the address on
an amateur radio license...otherwise, any callsign or other changes will
cost you $35 per transacation, effective April 19, 2022.

However, if you did not renew, you may NOT operate on an EXPIRED ham
radio license...whether it's during a government shutdown, or not. But,
you have a two (2) year "grace period" if your ham radio license has
expired, to reinstate your license. This "holds" your license class
privileges and callsign, until your license is renewed. As noted above,
the FCC will NOT process the renewal of an expired license during a
government shutdown...only after it ends.

But, if you do not renew your license before it expires, and do nothing during the 2 year grace period, both your license and callsign will be FORFEITED. At that point, you have NO AUTHORITY to operate on the ham
radio bands, and it'll be as if you had NEVER taken a test!!

To get back on the air with the previous license class that you held,
you MUST take, AT MINIMUM, the Technician Class license, in order to get
back into amateur radio.

However, once an expired ham radio callsign passes the 2 year grace
period, anyone can apply for it under the Vanity Callsign system. So,
if you LOSE your current callsign, there is a chance that you may NOT
get it back!!

Also, if you upgrade your license to General or Amateur Extra, only the license class will change...the license expiration date will remain the
same. Only new licensees, or those receiving a Vanity Callsign, get a
fresh 10 year term...whether Technician, General, or Amateur Extra. I've
known hams who walked into a test session without a license, and walked
out with an Amateur Extra Class license...while not easy to do, it can be
done.

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--- SBBSecho 3.15-Win32
* Origin: The Thunderbolt BBS - Little Rock, Arkansas (618:250/33)

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Sequential Versus Vanity Callsigns
==================================

Callsigns are normally issued in a sequential callsign system by
the FCC, for each license class. Once issued a callsign, you can
choose to keep it...or apply for a vanity callsign, after paying the appropriate fee, and submitting the required forms.

NOTE: As of April 19, 2022, there's a $35 fee for each Vanity Callsign
applied for. So if you apply for, pay for, and get a vanity callsign...
then decide you don't like it, whether you apply for another vanity
callsign, or change to a sequential callsign, it'll still cost you $35
each time you do it. Plus, if you're not granted the callsign you wanted
(it's not available), and you don't supply others (as noted below), you
are NOT eligible for a refund.

When applying for a vanity callsign, you're required to list 25
(twenty-five) "requested" calls...as there is a chance that the ones
you have requested are currently in use by licensed hams, or they have
not passed the 2 year grace period after expiration.

U.S. amateur radio callsigns are grouped by license class, starting
with an A, K, N, or W...in the format of 1 or 2 letters, followed by
a digit from 0 through 9...depending on the callsign district they
were living in when they first got their license...followed by 1, 2,
or 3 letters.

Callsigns from Alaska begin with KL7, callsigns from Hawaii begin
with KH6, callsigns from Puerto Rico begin with KP4, and callsigns from
the U.S. Virgin Islands begin with KP2. If the amateur radio licensee
from these areas is an Amateur Extra Class licensee, the first letter
is likely an "A" instead of a "K".

Callsigns for other U.S. territories may be a bit different per the
license classes, noted below.

Minimum License Class: Callsign Group: Callsign Examples:

Novice 2 by 3 WA1BCD, KE2FGH
Technician or General 1 by 3 K5IJK, N3LMN, W5OPQ
Advanced 2 by 2 KA6RS, KK7TU
Amateur Extra 1 by 2 or 2 by 1 K8VW, N9WX, W0YZ

Since some of the sequential callsign groups have had all of the
regular callsigns issued, the issued sequential calls fall to the
lower license class. With a vanity callsign, you can apply for a
callsign in this group, if you're of the appropriate license class.
Callsigns that have been expired more than 2 years are returned to
the "unused callsign pool", and they can be requested as a vanity
callsign.

The higher amateur radio license that you have, the more choices you
have for a vanity callsign (i.e. Amateur Extra Class licensees can pick
from any group...while General Class licensees are limited to either
the 2 by 3 or 1 by 3 callsign group).

Amateur Extra Calls usually begin with an A, but can also begin with
either a K, an N, or a W. Advanced callsigns usually begin with a K,
but they can also begin with an N or a W. Technician or General callsigns usually begin with an K, N, or a W...and Novice callsigns usually begin
with either a K or a W.

However, a callsign is NOT ALWAYS indicative of a ham radio operators
actual license class. My first callsign, N5VLZ, issued in August, 1991,
was one of the last "1 by 3" callsigns issued for Arkansas. I held that
for 18 years, when I changed to the AE5WX callsign in June, 2009. Then,
in December, 2012, I changed to the WX1DER callsign...which reflects the
domain of my personal homepage, and of the BBS. Then in 2019, I changed
to the WX4QZ callsign, changing the emphasis from weather to railroad
crossing safety. Besides, I know several Amateur Extra Class ham radio operators who still have their Novice class callsign format.

If you are already a licensed ham radio operator, and one of your
family members, who was also a ham radio operator (parent, grandparent, brother, sister, aunt, uncle, etc.), dies (becomes a Silent Key), you
may provide proof of their death (such as a death certificate) to the
FCC, along with a vanity callsign application, and request that callsign anytime within 2 years after that ham radio operators death. After that
2 year and 1 day period, anyone can apply for it.

You must hold the appropriate license class to request that vanity
callsign. In other words, if the callsign of a deceased relative was
from the Amateur Extra Class group, you will have to become an Amateur
Extra Class licensee in order to request it.

Note that once you receive your new callsign...either from the
sequential or vanity callsign system...your old callsign is no
longer valid. However, as long as your license is not expired, you
keep the privileges you had before, but you're now using the new
callsign.
--- SBBSecho 3.15-Win32
* Origin: The Thunderbolt BBS - Little Rock, Arkansas (618:250/33)